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Downwards movement unfolded as expected for Friday’s session.

Summary: In the short term, a bounce up on Monday looks likely, which may end about 2,109. If it is very deep, it may end when price finds resistance at the lower edge of the blue channel on the hourly chart. Downwards momentum may show some increase once the bounce is complete. We may have confidence in a trend change with a new low below 2,085.36. Further confidence may be had with a low below 2,025.91. How low this next wave goes and how strong it is will indicate which wave count, bull or bear, is correct. So far technical analysis still favours the bear wave count.

Last published monthly charts are here.

New updates to this analysis are in bold.

BEAR ELLIOTT WAVE COUNT

WEEKLY CHART

S&P 500 weekly bear 2016
Click chart to enlarge.

The box is added to the weekly chart. Price has been range bound for months. A breakout will eventually happen. The S&P often forms slow rounding tops, and this looks like what is happening here at a monthly / weekly time frame.

Primary wave 1 is seen as complete as a leading expanding diagonal. Primary wave 2 would be expected to be complete here or very soon indeed.

Leading diagonals are not rare, but they are not very common either. Leading diagonals are more often contracting than expanding. This wave count does not rely on a rare structure, but leading expanding diagonals are not common structures either.

Leading diagonals require sub waves 2 and 4 to be zigzags. Sub waves 1, 3 and 5 are most commonly zigzags but sometimes may appear to be impulses. In this case all subdivisions fit perfectly as zigzags and look like threes on the weekly and daily charts. There are no truncations and no rare structures in this wave count.

The fourth wave must overlap first wave price territory within a diagonal. It may not move beyond the end of the second wave.

Leading diagonals in first wave positions are often followed by very deep second wave corrections. Primary wave 2 would be the most common structure for a second wave, a zigzag, and fits the description of very deep. It may not move beyond the start of primary wave 1 above 2,134.72.

So far it looks like price is finding resistance at the lilac trend line. Price has not managed to break above it.

DAILY CHART

S&P 500 daily bear 2016
Click chart to enlarge.

So far primary wave 2 would be a 0.96 correction of primary wave 1. Second wave corrections following first wave leading diagonals are commonly very deep, so this fits the most common pattern if primary wave 1 was a leading diagonal.

The most common structure for a second wave correction is a zigzag.

There is still no Fibonacci ratio between intermediate waves (A) and (C).

Intermediate wave (C) must be a five wave structure. It would be unfolding as an impulse, not a diagonal. The structure may be complete, but as yet there is no confirmation of a trend change. The strong red candlestick for Friday’s session is some indication of a possible trend change now.

If intermediate wave (C) was over, then it would have lasted a Fibonacci thirteen days. Intermediate wave (B) lasted a Fibonacci twenty-one days and intermediate wave (A) lasted forty seven days (not a Fibonacci number). Primary wave 2 would have lasted eighty one days (also not a Fibonacci number). If primary wave 3 exhibits a Fibonacci duration, then a reasonable estimate would be a Fibonacci 144 days.

Draw a channel about primary wave 2 using Elliott’s technique for a correction: the first trend line from the start of the zigzag, then a parallel copy on the end of intermediate wave (A). When this channel is breached by downwards movement it would be indicating a possible trend change. A new low below 2,025.91 would provide price confirmation of a trend change. At that stage, downwards movement could not be a second wave correction within intermediate wave (C) and so intermediate wave (C) would have to be over.

The targets calculated are provisional only because at the end of this session there is still no confirmation of a trend change. They come with the caveat that price may yet move higher which means the targets would move correspondingly higher. They also come with the caveat that at this very early stage a target for primary wave 3 may only be calculated at primary degree. When intermediate waves (1) through to (4) within primary wave 3 are complete, then the targets may change as they can be calculated at more than one wave degree. Primary wave 3 may not exhibit a Fibonacci ratio to primary wave 1.

The first target at 1,595 is where primary wave 3 would reach 1.618 the length of primary wave 1. This target would most likely not be low enough because primary wave 2 is very deep at 0.96 the length of primary wave 1. Primary wave 3 must move below the end of primary wave 1, and it must move far enough below to allow subsequent room for primary wave 4 to unfold and remain below primary wave 1 price territory. Normally, there is a gap between first wave and fourth wave price territory, particularly in a bear market.

The next target may be more likely. At 1,271 primary wave 3 would reach 2.618 the length of primary wave 1.

If primary wave 3 does not exhibit a Fibonacci ratio to primary wave 1, then neither of these targets would be correct.

Well before these targets, it should be obvious if the next wave down is a primary degree third wave. It should exhibit increasing ATR, strong momentum, and a steep slope. However, please note that although it may begin very strongly it does not have to. It may also be that intermediate wave (1) maintains an ATR about 20 – 30 and has some deep time consuming corrections within it. That was how the last primary degree third wave began within the last bear market, so it may happen again.

Draw a channel about intermediate wave (C) using Elliott’s second technique: draw the first trend line from the lows of minor waves 2 to 4, then place a parallel copy on the high of minor wave 3. Copy this small blue channel over to the hourly chart. Upwards movement may now find resistance at either the lower edge of this blue channel or at the lilac trend line.

At the end of the week, downwards movement found some support at the cyan bear market trend line.

HOURLY CHART

S&P 500 daily bear 2016
Click chart to enlarge.

There is now a fairly clear five wave structure downwards on the hourly chart. This is labelled minute wave i.

If there has been a trend change, minute wave i should be followed by a three up on Monday / Tuesday. If a three up is seen as expected, it would provide some structural confirmation of a trend change.

At the five minute chart level, it is not clear that minuette wave (v) is complete. It may very well move a little lower when markets open next week. However, at the hourly chart level, the green candlestick at the end of the session makes minuette wave (v) look complete.

Ratios within minute wave i are: minuette wave (iii) is just 0.24 points longer than 1.618 the length of minuette wave (i), and minuette wave (v) is 0.83 longer than equality in length with minuette wave (i). This adds a little confidence to the idea that minute wave i may be over.

Minute wave ii may end about the 0.382 or 0.618 Fibonacci ratios of minute wave i, with the 0.618 Fibonacci ratio at 2,109 favoured for a second wave. If it is deeper than this, then it may find resistance at the lower edge of the blue channel. If it is time consuming and very deep, then it should find final very strong resistance at the lilac trend line. If this wave count is correct, that trend line should not be breached.

A new low below 2,085.36 would provide earliest price confirmation of a trend change. At that stage, downwards movement could not be a second wave correction within minor wave 5, so minor wave 5 would have to be over.

Finally, a new low below 2,025.91 would provide final price confirmation of a trend change. At that stage, downwards movement could not be a second wave correction within intermediate wave (C), so intermediate wave (C) would have to be over.

A breach of the black channel containing primary wave 2 would also provide strong indication of a trend change.

Minute wave ii may not move beyond the start of minute wave i above 2,120.55.

At this stage, a possible trading approach to this market would be either to wait for price confirmation (for the less risk tolerant traders), or to enter at the end of minute wave ii with a stop just above 2,120.55. This offers a low risk opportunity to join this possible new downwards trend. Do not invest more than 3-5% of your equity on any one trade, and always use a stop loss. When entering a position at this stage the risk of a loss must be accepted, so it must be managed. Targets at this stage may be those calculated for the end of primary wave 3, with the understanding that as more structure unfolds these targets will probably change.

BULL ELLIOTT WAVE COUNT

WEEKLY CHART

S&P 500 weekly 2016
Click chart to enlarge.

Cycle wave IV is seen as a complete flat correction. Within cycle wave IV, primary wave C is still seen as a five wave impulse.

Intermediate wave (3) has a strong three wave look to it on the weekly and daily charts. For the S&P, a large wave like this one at intermediate degree should look like an impulse at higher time frames. The three wave look substantially reduces the probability of this wave count. Subdivisions have been checked on the hourly chart, which will fit.

Cycle wave II was a shallow 0.41 zigzag lasting three months. Cycle wave IV may be a complete shallow 0.19 regular flat correction, exhibiting some alternation with cycle wave II and lasting nine months. Cycle wave IV would be grossly disproportionate to cycle wave II, and would have to move substantially out of a trend channel on the monthly chart, for it to continue further sideways as a double flat, triangle or combination. For this reason, although it is possible, it looks less likely that cycle wave IV would continue further. It should be over at the low as labelled.

At 2,500 cycle wave V would reach equality in length with cycle wave I.

Price has now broken a little above the bear market trend line. This line is drawn from the all time high at 2,134.72 to the swing high labelled primary wave B at 2,116.48 on November 2015. This line is drawn using the approach outlined by Magee in the classic “Technical Analysis of Stock Trends”. To use it correctly we should assume that a bear market remains intact until this line is breached by a close of 3% or more of market value. Now that the line is breached, the price point at which it is breached is calculated about 2,093.58. 3% of market value above this line would be 2,156.38, which would be above the all time high and the confirmation point.

This wave count requires price confirmation with a new all time high above 2,134.72.

While price has not made a new high, while it remains below the final trend line (lilac) and while technical indicators point to weakness in upwards movement, this very bullish wave count comes with a strong caveat. I still do not have confidence in it. It is produced as an alternate, because all possibilities must be considered. Price managed to keep making new highs for years on light and declining volume, so it is possible that this pattern may continue to new all time highs for cycle wave V.

The invalidation point will remain on the weekly chart at 1,370.58. Cycle wave IV may not move into cycle wave I price territory.

This invalidation point allows for the possibility that cycle wave IV may not be complete and may continue sideways for another one to two years as a double flat or double combination. Because both double flats and double combinations are both sideways movements, a new low substantially below the end of primary wave C at 1,810.10 should see this wave count discarded on the basis of a very low probability long before price makes a new low below 1,370.58.

DAILY CHART

S&P 500 daily 2016
Click chart to enlarge.

Intermediate wave (2) may still be an incomplete flat correction. Minor wave A will subdivide as a three, a double zigzag, and minor wave B may be seen as a single zigzag.

The most likely point for intermediate wave (2) to end would be the 0.618 Fibonacci ratio at 1,920.

Intermediate wave (2) may not move beyond the start of intermediate wave (1) below 1,810.10.

While it is possible that intermediate wave (2) may be a complete double zigzag at the low labelled minor wave A, this would be a very shallow and rather quick second wave correction. The first reasonable second wave correction within a new bull market should be expected to be deeper and more time consuming for this bull wave count, so intermediate wave (2) is expected to continue.

TECHNICAL ANALYSIS

WEEKLY CHART

S&P 500 daily 2016
Click chart to enlarge. Chart courtesy of StockCharts.com.

Price is the final determinator and the most important aspect of market analysis. So what has price been doing since the all time high in May 2015?

Price has made an important new high above the prior major high of November 2015. Price is now finding resistance at the lilac line. It can no longer be said that price is making lower highs and lower lows because it no longer has a lower high. This is the most bullish indication from price for many months. This supports the bull wave count over the bear.

Last week completes a small doji pattern with lighter volume. This represents a balance between bulls and bears for the week and indecision. The long lower wick is slightly bullish while the red colour is slightly bearish. This week completes a shooting star candlestick, which is bearish but on its own not overly so. In this instance, because the upper wick of the shooting star is touching an important trend line, the strength of that line is reinforced and should hold if price again comes up to test it.

On Balance Volume this week gives a bearish signal with a move down and away from the upper pink trend line. There is bearish divergence between the last two highs and OBV: OBV could not make a corresponding new high while price this week made a new high above the prior high of 20th of April. This indicates weakness in upwards movement from price.

Volume is declining while price has essentially moved sideways for the last ten weeks in a zone delineated by brown trend lines. The longer price meanders sideways the closer a breakout will be. During this sideways range, it is a downwards week which has strongest volume suggesting a downwards breakout may be more likely. This week price overshot the upper edge of this range, but could not break out as it closed back within the range completing a red candlestick.

There is some increase in volume for this red weekly candlestick indicating there was some support for the overall fall in price.

The 40 week moving average has turned upwards, another bullish signal. However, this has happened before in October 2015 yet it was followed by a strong downwards wave. On its own this bullish signal does not necessarily mean price is going to make new all time highs.

DAILY CHART

S&P 500 daily 2016
Click chart to enlarge. Chart courtesy of StockCharts.com.

Volume data on StockCharts is different to that given from NYSE, the home of this index. Comments on volume will be based on NYSE volume data when it differs from StockCharts.

The two candlesticks at the high for the week complete a harami cross reversal pattern; this pattern is more effective at highs than lows. In this case, the pattern is strengthened due to the doji of the second candlestick, but possibly may be seen as weaker due to the relatively small real body of the first candlestick in the pattern. On balance, it can be viewed as a reversal signal.

The downwards gap for Friday’s candlestick may be a breakaway gap, so it may provide resistance. This may serve to hold the expected bounce on Monday / Tuesday to no higher than about 2,110.

There was an increase in volume for Friday’s session which offers some support for the fall in price. The increase is only slight; volume is still relatively light.

ADX has turned downwards for Friday’s session indicating no clear trend. The +DX line has moved strongly lower while the -DX line is moving higher. If these lines cross over a trend change would be indicated by ADX.

At the end of the week, the ATR line is slightly turning upwards. If this continues, then it may be indicating a new trend is underway. For now it is not strong enough for any clarity.

On Balance Volume has given the first bearish signal in a long time with a break below the yellow trend line. A break below the purple line would be a stronger bearish signal from OBV.

RSI did not manage to remove the bearish divergence which materialised during the week, and did not manage to reach overbought. This bearish divergence still exists between the highs of 20th of April and 8th of June and indicates more downwards movement is likely. Divergence between price and RSI is usually fairly reliable, so it should be taken seriously.

There is also some bearish divergence with price and Stochastics at the high for this week, but this is not always so reliable. It is a weak signal. Stochastics has been overbought for several sessions now, so it may be expected to return to neutral.

MACD also exhibits bearish divergence with price between the two highs of 20th of April and 8th of June. This is an unreliable signal though, but it is still bearish.

The 200 day moving average has now clearly turned upwards during this week. This is also a bullish signal, but on its own is not enough to call for new all time highs. This has happened before during the bear market rally of November 2015, yet it was followed by a downwards wave that more than fully retraced that rally.

The most bullish indication this week came from price making a new high above the prior major high of 2,116.48 on 3rd November, 2015. However, with a strong downwards close for this week which made the new high the picture no longer looks clearly bullish.

VOLATILITY – INVERTED VIX MONTHLY CHART

VIX Monthly 2016
Click chart to enlarge. Chart courtesy of StockCharts.com.

Several instances of large divergence between price and VIX (inverted) are noted here. Blue is bearish divergence and yellow is bullish divergence (rather than red and green, for our colour blind members).

Volatility declines as inverted VIX rises, which is normal for a bull market. Volatility increases as inverted VIX declines, which is normal for a bear market. Each time there is strong multi month divergence between price and VIX, it was followed by a strong movement from price: bearish divergence was followed by a fall in price and bullish divergence was followed by a rise in price.

There is still current multi month divergence between price and VIX: from the high in April 2016 price has made new highs in the last few days but VIX has failed so far to follow with new highs. This regular bearish divergence still indicates weakness in price.

VOLATILITY – INVERTED VIX DAILY CHART

VIX daily 2016
Click chart to enlarge. Chart courtesy of StockCharts.com.

There is now only one instance of hidden bearish divergence noted on this daily chart of price and VIX (blue lines). VIX makes higher highs as price makes lower highs. The decline in volatility is not matched by a corresponding rise in price. Price is weak.

There is also very short term regular bearish divergence (short blue lines). VIX did not make a corresponding new high as price made a new high. This indicates exhaustion for bulls and underlying weakness in price.

Price moved higher for three days in a row (6th, 7th and 8th of June) completing green daily candlesticks yet VIX moved lower. This short term divergence between price and VIX is unusual. It indicates further exhaustion from bulls. This trend in price is weak, especially for the last three days up to the last high.

VIX has moved strongly lower now at the end of the week to make a new low below the prior low of 19th of May. Price has not made a corresponding new low, so this is regular bullish divergence. It indicates that there is some weakness to this downwards movement from price as it does not match the increase in volatility. Some upwards reaction should be expected from here from price. This supports the Elliott wove count which expects some upwards movement from price Monday / Tuesday, and may very well support more upwards movement than the wave count expects. If price does move higher on Monday / Tuesday as expected, then VIX will be watched closely to see if this divergence is resolved by a following move from price, and if any further divergence manifests during any upwards movement.

While I would not give much weight to divergence between price and many oscillators, such as Stochastics, I will give weight to divergence between price and VIX. Analysis of the monthly chart for the last year and a half shows it to be fairly reliable.

BREADTH – ADVANCE DECLINE LINE

S&P 500 daily 2016
Click chart to enlarge. Chart courtesy of StockCharts.com.

With the AD line increasing, this indicates the number of advancing stocks exceeds the number of declining stocks. This indicates that there is breadth to prior upwards movement.

Taking a look at the bigger picture back to and including the all time high on May 2015, the AD line is making substantial new highs but price so far has not. While market breadth is increasing beyond the point it was at in May 2015, this has not translated (yet) into a corresponding rise in price. Price is weak. This is hidden bearish divergence.

For Friday’s downwards session, the AD line confirms: it too moved lower indicating there was breadth to the downwards movement from price.

DOW THEORY

The last major lows within the bull market are noted below. Both the industrials and transportation indicies have closed below these price points on a daily closing basis; original Dow Theory has confirmed a bear market. By adding in the S&P500 and Nasdaq a modified Dow Theory has not confirmed a new bear market.

Within the new bear market, major highs are noted. For original Dow Theory to confirm the end of the current bear market and the start of a new bull market, the transportation index needs to confirm. It has not done so yet.

Major lows within the prior bull market:

DJIA: 15,855.12 (15th October, 2014) – closed below on 25th August, 2015.
DJT: 7,700.49 (12th October, 2014) – closed below on 24th August, 2015.
S&P500: 1,821.61 (15th October, 2014) – has not closed below this point yet.
Nasdaq: 4,117.84 (15th October, 2014) – has not closed below this point yet.

Major highs within the new bear market:

DJIA: 17,977.85 (4th November, 2015) – closed above on 18th April, 2016.
DJT: 8,358.20 (20th November, 2015) – has not closed above this point yet.
S&P500: 2,116.48 (3rd Nobember, 2015) – has now closed above this point on 8th June, 2016.
Nasdaq: 5,176.77 (2nd December, 2015) – has not closed above this point yet.

It is a reasonable conclusion that the indices are currently in a bear market. The trend remains the same until proven otherwise. Dow Theory is one of the oldest and simplest of all technical analysis methods. It is often accused of being late because it requires huge price movements to confirm a change from bull to bear. In this instance, it is interesting that so many analysts remain bullish while Dow Theory has confirmed a bear market. It is my personal opinion that Dow Theory should not be accused of being late as it seems to be ignored when it does not give the conclusion so many analysts want to see.

This analysis is published @ 04:36 a.m. EST on 11th June, 2016.